CVE-2025-22457 — Ivanti Connect Secure Stack-Based Buffer Overflow / RCE¶
Key facts
CVE-2025-22457 is a Critical (9.0) vulnerability: Ivanti Connect Secure Stack-Based Buffer Overflow / RCE. This entry ships a detection-only PoC. It is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog (added 2025-04-04), confirming active exploitation in the wild, and is linked to known ransomware campaigns.
Actively exploited — on the CISA KEV catalog
CVE-2025-22457 is listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog (added 2025-04-04), confirming exploitation in the wild. It is linked to known ransomware campaigns. Federal remediation deadline: 2025-04-11. Prioritise patching and deploy the detection and prevention rules below.
| CVE | CVE-2025-22457 |
| Severity | Critical (9.0) |
| CISA KEV | Actively exploited (added 2025-04-04) · ransomware |
| Detection / prevention | — |
| PoC | poc.py |
| Source | 2025/CVE-2025-22457/ |
Details¶
Overview¶
| Attribute | Value |
|---|---|
| CVE ID | CVE-2025-22457 |
| Severity | Critical |
| CVSS Score | 9.0 |
| Affected Product | Ivanti Connect Secure |
| Vulnerability Type | Stack-Based Buffer Overflow / RCE |
| CWE | CWE-121 |
Description¶
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability allowing unauthenticated remote code execution. Actively exploited by China-nexus threat actor UNC5221. Over 5,000 vulnerable instances exposed.
Affected Versions¶
- Ivanti Connect Secure < 22.7R2.6, Pulse Connect Secure 9.x, Policy Secure, ZTA Gateways
Verification Process¶
The PoC uses a multi-stage verification approach:
Step 1: Product/Version Detection (Passive)¶
[*] Query target endpoint
[*] Detect product signatures and extract version
[*] Check if version is in vulnerable range
Step 2: Active Vulnerability Testing¶
| Method | Description | Detection |
|---|---|---|
| Error-based | Inject payloads that trigger error messages | Error indicators in response |
| Timing-based | Inject delay commands and measure response | Response time > baseline + delay |
| Response-based | Check for expected patterns in response | Pattern match in response body |
| Callback-based | Trigger OOB request to attacker server | HTTP request received |
Verification Flow¶
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Product Detection │
│ Query target → Detect product/version │
│ Check if version in vulnerable range │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Active Vulnerability Testing │
│ │
│ 1. Error-based Test │
│ └─ Send payload → Check for error indicators │
│ └─ If error found → CONFIRMED VULNERABLE │
│ │
│ 2. Timing-based Test │
│ └─ Send delay payload → Measure response time │
│ └─ If delayed → CONFIRMED VULNERABLE │
│ │
│ 3. Callback-based Test (if URL provided) │
│ └─ Send OOB payload → Check callback server │
│ └─ If request received → CONFIRMED VULNERABLE │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Usage¶
# Full vulnerability check (version + active testing)
python3 poc.py -t https://target.com -c
# Version-only check (passive, no payloads sent)
python3 poc.py -t https://target.com -c --version-only
# With OOB callback (most reliable)
python3 poc.py -t https://target.com -c --callback http://your-server.com
Mitigation¶
- Upgrade to the latest patched version
- Apply workarounds if patch unavailable
- Monitor for exploitation attempts
- Network segmentation to limit exposure
References¶
Frequently asked questions¶
What is CVE-2025-22457?¶
CVE-2025-22457 is a Critical (9.0) vulnerability: Ivanti Connect Secure Stack-Based Buffer Overflow / RCE. This entry ships a detection-only PoC. It is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog (added 2025-04-04), confirming active exploitation in the wild, and is linked to known ransomware campaigns.
How do I detect CVE-2025-22457?¶
Run the detection-only PoC included with this entry against your Docker test lab to confirm whether a target is affected; pair it with your own IDS logging.
How do I block or mitigate CVE-2025-22457?¶
Upgrade to a fixed version per the vendor advisory; the NVD record lists the affected versions. Use the included PoC to verify your remediation.
Is CVE-2025-22457 actively exploited?¶
Yes. CVE-2025-22457 is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, added 2025-04-04, which means it has been exploited in the wild. CISA also links it to known ransomware campaigns. CISA set a federal remediation deadline of 2025-04-11. Prioritise patching and deploy the detection and prevention rules above.
For authorized security testing and research only. See the full source and NVD record.